CONTENTS
1. Enterprise Structure
2. Organizational Unit
3. Master data
4. Determination
5. Assignments
6. Special Business transaction
7.
ENTERPRISE STRUCTURE
ORGANIZATIONAL UNITS
Ø They are Legal Entity & Organizational view of entries.
ü
| SD Only |
ü Distribution channel
ü Division
ü Shipping point
· Company Code
· Plant
CLIENT (Company)-A client is a self-contained technical unit. A client can be considered to be a
synonym for group.
Company Code
§ A complete Accounting unit can be representing as the smallest organizational unit of external accounting.
§ At Company Code level we create
ü Balance sheet required by law
ü Profit and Loss statement.
§ Each company code represents an independent accounting unit. Several company codes can use the same chart of account.
Assignment
ü Company code to company
ü Company code to Credit control area
ü Company code to Controlling area
ü Company code to financial management area
§ (An FM Area is organizational unit which Plans, Controls and Monitors funds and commitment budgets)
ü Controlling area to financial management area
ü Controlling area to Operating Concern.
Sales Organization
§ The highest-level of organizational unit in SD is Sales Organization. It is organization unit in logistics
§ Responsible for Distributing goods and services, Negotiation sales conditions, Product liability
and other customer rights of recourse.
§ Sales organization is also used to take for example a regional, national or international.
§ A sales organization assigned to a company code.
Distribution Channel
§ Distribution Channel represents strategies to distribute goods and services to customer. Means through which sales material reach the customers
§ DC is assigned to a sales organization. The assignment is not unique.
§ You can share Customer, Material and Condition master data by maintaining a reference/common DC.
Division
§ A Division is used to group material and services.
§ It represents a product line
§ A material can have only one Division.
§ We can make Customer- specific agreements for each Division, for example regarding partial
§ deliveries or pricing within Division. (In CMIR)
§ You can share Customer and Condition master data by maintaining a reference/common
§ A Division is assigned to a sales organization. The assignment is not unique.
§ You can use cross division to enter multiple materials with various divisions in a sales order.
§ You can choose division specific sales, it is controlled by customizing for sales document type.
Sales area
§ A Sales area is a combination of a Sales organization, DC and Division. It defines the
Distribution channel of a Sales organization uses to sell products of certain Division
§ By defining and assigning Sales Organization, DC and division a Sales area not automatically
formed, you have to set up a sales area.
§ A sales area can belong to only one company code. Assigning the sales organization to
company code creates this relationship.
§ Each sales and distribution document is assigned to exactly one sales area. This assignment cannot
be changed.
§ Various master data depending on the sales area, for example customer master data, material
master data, price and discount. This system also carries out a number of checks concerning the
validity of certain entries according to the sales Area.
Assignments
ü Sales area assigned to Credit Control Area.
ü Sales office assigned to Sales Area
ü Sales group assigned to Sales office.
ü Employee of a sales office can be assigned to sales group.
Business area
§ The Business Area is a separate business unit for which internal reporting can be carried
out. A company code may be divided into multiple business areas. A business area may also be
shared by several company codes.
§ Business area is not limited by company codes. For this reason, the business areas in all company
codes must have the same description. Using organizational unit is optional.
§ Business area can be used to prepare balance sheets and profit and loss statements not only for
company code, but also for other internal areas (E.g., division-related).
§ The relevant business area is determined for each order item according to defined rule.
§ Rules for Business area determination
ü Business Area assignment by Plant and Item division.
ü Business Area assignment by sales area.
ü Business Area assignment by Sales Organization and D.C, Item Division.
Sales office:
It is a Geographical aspect. It represents the physical sales office
Sales person:
Sales group consists of certain number of sales person
Plant
§ The Plant is a location where material is kept. Represent a production facilities or Material requirement planning in the System.
§ In sales and Distribution, A Plant represents the location from which Materials and Services are distributed and corresponds to a distribution center. The relevant material stocks kept here.
§ One Sales area can belong to One Company Code only.
§ A Plant assigned to a company code.
§ Inventory valuation is done either at company code level or Plant level, however the stock is Managed at Storage location level.
§ A Delivering plant assigned to Combination of Sales organization and Distribution channel. The Combination of Sales Org and Distribution channel is called a Distribution chain
§ Delivering Plant Determination in sales Document according to following step
ü CMIR
ü Customer Master-Ship to Party (Sales area- shipping tab page)
ü Material Master- Sales Org. 1 View.
CMIR has precedence over customer and material master.
§ A plant is essential for determine the Shipping Point.
§ In absence of a Delivering plant determination there can be no automatic determining of shipping point or automatic tax determination, no availability check can be carried out and no outbound delivery can be set up.
Shipping Point
§ Shipping Point highest organizational unit in Shipping. A shipping point is under client level.
§ A shipping point assigned to a Plant. A Shipping point can be assigned to multiple plants.
Various Shipping point can be assigned to same plant.
§ The Shipping point can be a loading ramp, a mail depot or a rail depot. It can also be a group of employees responsible only for organizing urgent deliveries.
§ The shipping point is responsible for processing shipping. Each Outbound Delivery is processed
by exactly one shipping point.
§ The shipping point is normally determined automatically (At item level) for each item in the sales document. The automatic default value can be later changed manually in sales order if we have planned for a different shipping point. We can change shipping point in delivery document only at initial create screen before saving the delivery document.
§ Shipping point determination based on these combinations.
ü Delivering Plant
ü Shipping condition- Sales document type OR Customer master data-Sold to Party (Shipping Tab Page)
ü Loading group-Material master data (Sales: Gen/plant)
Shipping condition from sales document type has precedence over that from customer master.
Warehouse
§ Warehouse having following organizational units for efficient processing of goods receipt and
goods issue.
§ Warehouse Number: The entire warehouse structure is managed under one warehouse
§ Number. This number represents the warehouse complex.
§ Warehouse Number assigned to a combination of Plant and storage location.
§ You can group Transfer Order based on warehouse number.
Storage Type:
The different warehouse areas, which differ with respect to their organizational
and technical features, are defined as storage types (for example-high-rack warehouse with
random storage, picking warehouse with fixed bins, or shipping area).
Picking area:
Below the storage Type level, The Picking area group together storage bins from
a picking point of view.
A delivery can be split up into different picking areas to make parallel picking possible.
Staging area:
The staging area is a part of the warehouse where goods are stored immediately
after unloading or shortly before loading.
Door:
A Door can be used for both the inbound and outbound delivery of goods.
(Door determination takes place at the delivery header level. Staging area determination can take place at the delivery
header level and item level. Different staging area at the delivery item level lead to a transfer order split because the
staging area is a header level in the Transfer Order.)
• The connection of the organizational unit in the warehouse to MM Inventory Management results
from The Assignment of Warehouse no To a combination of plant and storage location.
• You can Group Transfer order based on the warehouse number.
Route:
§ Transport channel for an outbound delivery
§ Has more than 1 section
§ 1 beginning and 1 end point
§ Can define transit time & Transportation lead time
The route determination is as follows
ü The departure zone- shipping point (customizing)
ü Shipping condition-sales document type or sold to party (Customer master) [ASAP, lowest cost…]
ü The transportation zone- ship to party (Customer Master : shipping tab)
ü The transportation group-material master (general/plant) [liquid, pallets, container…]
ASSIGNMENTS
1. Company Code is assigned to Company.
2. Company code is assigned to Credit control area.
3. Company code is assigned to Controlling area.
4. Company code is assigned to financial management area.
5. Sales Organization is assigned to Company Code.
6. Distribution Channel is assigned to a Sales Organization.(Not unique)
7. Division is assigned to a sales organization. (Not unique)
8. Sales area assigned to Credit Control Area.
9. Sales office assigned to Sales Area.
10. Sales group assigned to Sales office.
11. Employee of a sales office can be assigned to sales group.
12. Plant assigned to a company code. (Not unique)
13. Shipping point assigned to a Plant. (Not Unique)
14. A Client can have many Company Codes.
15. Warehouse Number assigned to a combination of Plant and storage location
16. Delivering plant is assigned to a Distribution chain (i.e. Sales Org & Distribution Channel)
MASTER DATA
Customer Master Data: Customer information
Material Master Data: Material information
Customer-Material Information record: Relation between customer material no & our material number
Output master Data: Mail, EDI
Condition master Data: Pricing, Discount
1. Customer Master
The Customer Master data divided in following categories.
Ø General Data: store centrally-Client specific, valid for all organizational Units.
Ø Sales Area data:
Ø Company Code data
It includes all necessary data for processing Order, Deliveries, invoices and Cust. Payment.
General data: Relevant to Sales and accounting,
Valid for: All sales area, Marketing & Export.
Have the following tab pages
§ Address: Name, Address, and Language.
§ Control Data: Tax Information
§ Payment Transaction: Bank Details
§ Marketing: Industry, Customer Classification
§ Unloading Point: goods receiving Hours
§ Export Data: Data for export control
§ Contact Person: Address of business partner
Sales Area data: Relevant to Sales, Delivery, Billing,
Valid for: Sales area, Shipping, Partners, Billing
Have the following tab pages
§ Sales: Sales office, sales district, currency, customer group, Customer pricing procedure, Price list.
§ Shipping: Delivery, Shipping condition, Delivery Plant, POD Relevance, Partial delivery-Check Complete delivery by law, Transportation Zone.
§ Billing: Incoterm, Term of payment, Credit control area, Account Assignment Group, Tax.
§ Partner Function: (Can different or Identical) Sold to Party, Ship to Party, Bill to Party, Payer
Company Code data: Relevant to Accounting
Valid for: Company Code, Payment Transactions, Account Management
Have the following tabs
§ Account management: Reconciliation account
§ Payment transaction: Payment method
§ Correspondence: Dunning Procedure, Accounting clerk
§ Insurance: Amount Insured
• Any changes in the customer master do not get reflected in documents created prior to the change
Except for ADDRESS.
• Sales organization has to maintain own relevant sales area data if they sell product to customer
Those belong to different sales organization.
• We can maintain the INCOTERM in customer master record in various ways, depending on the
Sales area data.
• Account group controls customer master.
• Master data proposal in sales document-
Delivery date and tax information- From Ship to Party master record
Payment terms, Credit limit check- From Payer master record
Address to which invoiced to sent- From Bill to Party master record
Shipping conditions, Pricing, incoterms-From Sold to Party
·
| VD01 - Cust Master Create VD02- Cust Master Change VD03- Cust Master Display |
XD01 - Cust Master (Complete) Create
XD02- Cust Master (Complete) Change
XD03- Cust Master (Complete) Display
In complete (XD0x) the three views (Company code data, Sales area data & General data) are available while in VD0x the Company code data is not available.
· Customer master varies by
Company Code, Sales Area
· Mandatory in Customer Master
Sold to party (SP): Pricing, Shipping terms, Incoterms
Ship to party (SH): Shipping Address, Tax, Goods Receiving hours
Payer (PY): Terms of payment, Credit limit check
Billing to party (): Billing Address
· Partner Types
AP- Contact Person
KU- Customer
LI-Vendor
PE-Personnel
2. Customer material information record
§ Cross reference from your customer’s material no. to your material and customer material description. By this sales order can be placed with the customer’s material no. by using Ordering tab page.
§ It keeps information about Delivering plant, Customer material no., and Delivery agreement-
Complete/Partial
3. Material Master Data
Basic data: Relevant for All Organizational units & Sales area
Sales data(S/org data): Relevant for All Sales organization/Distribution Channel & sales
Sales data (General/Plant data) & plant data: Relevant for delivering plant & sales
Some of the tabs available in the material master are given below
§ Basic data 1 (valid all module area)-Old Material no., Division, Material group, Material group packaging material, Base unit of measure, General item category group
§ Sales: sales org. 1: Delivering Plant, Material Group, Division, Condition, Tax data, Cash discount, Minimum Order quantity, Minimum Delivery Quantity
§ Sales: sales org. 2: Material group, Bonus Group, Product hierarchy, General item category group, Item category group, Product attribute
§ Sales: Gen/Plant data: Availability Check, Transportation group, loading group, Batch Management, Material group packaging material, Serial no. Profile
§ MRP 3: Availability Check
§ Plant/data storage 1: Batch management, Storage condition
§ Plant/data storage 2: Serial no. Profile
§ Foreign trade: Export: Export/ import group, Region of origin
§ Sales Text: Item text for sale
· Material Master is controlled by Material Type
· Material master varies by
Sales Organization/Distribution Channel
Plant/Storage location
MM01-Material Creation
MM02-Material Change
MM03-Material Display
4. Incompletion log
Ø Incompletion log is a list of all data essential to sales document that has not been entered
Ø Defined in customizing for incompletion log
Ø To check incompletion log : Automatically when saved
Menu path (Edit>Incompletion log)
Ø List of incomplete orders: we can list all the incomplete sales order. We can complete it & after processing the system automatically returns list of incomplete documents
Ø
Ø Incompletion log is defined b/w the level
§ Sales Document Header
§ Sales Document Item
§ Sales Document Schedule line
Ø Each procedure checks for completion
§ Header level -> Sales doc type
§ Item level -> Item category
§ Schedule line category -> Schedule line category
Ø Incompletion log functions
§ Sales Header
§ Sales Item
§ Sales Schedule line
§ Delivery Header
§ Delivery Item
§ Partner
§ Sales Activities
Ø A status group is assigned to each incompletion procedure. Status group decides which step should be presented if data is missing E.g.:
Incompletion for Delivery: No delivery possible
Incompletion for Billing: No billing possible
Incompletion for Pricing: No billing/Order confirmation possible
5. Condition master
Prices: Material price, Price list, Customer specific
Freights: Freight incoterms 1, 2
Taxes: VAT, Judicial tax
Discounts
Surcharges & Deals
· You can restrict a price agreement by using validity periods
· You can maintain values in condition record according to a scale and there is no limit in the number of scales
· You can have percentage, quantity dependant , amount dependant discount or surcharge using depending on the condition type
6. Output master data
The way information is send to the customer
| Output type controls Timing Medium Layout set Output parameters |
Partner functions: SP, SH, PY
Transmission medium: Print, e-mail, fax, EDI
Time: Immediate, later
Language: EN, GE
(EDI- Electronic Data Interchange)
DETERMINATIONS
1. Plant Determination
1) Customer Material Information Record (CMIR)
2) Customer Master -Ship to Party (Sales area- shipping tab page)
3) Material Master -Sales Org. 1 View
2. Shipping point Determination
1) Delivering Plant
2) Shipping condition- Customer master data-Sold to Party(Shipping Tab Page)
3) Loading group-Material master data (Sales: Gen/plant)
3. Door determination takes place at the delivery header level.
4. Staging area determination can take place at the delivery header level and item level.
5. Business Area Determination
1) Plant and Item division.
2) Sales area.
3) Sales Organization and D.C, Item Division.
6. Schedule line category
1) Sales doc. item categories
2) MRP (MRP 1- Mat. master)
7. Item Category Determination
1) Sales Document type
2) Item category group
3) Usage
4) Item category of upper level item
8. Storage/Picking location Determination
1) MALA: - determination based on the shipping point, the delivering plant, and the storage
Condition (Material master-plant data/storage 1)
2) RETA: - Determination based on the delivering plant, situation, the storage condition.
3) MARE: - First MALA then RETA
9. Route determination
1) The departure zone- shipping point (customizing)
2) Shipping condition-sales document type or sold to party (Customer master) [ASAP, lowest cost…]
3) The transportation zone- ship to party (Customer Master : shipping tab)
4) The transportation group-material master (general/plant) [liquid, pallets, container…]
10. Partner Determination
1) Customer master
2) Sales document header
3) Sales document item
4) Delivery Type
5) Shipment Type
6) Billing Header
7) Billing Item
8) Sales Activities
11. Free Goods Determination: It uses condition techniques
1) Sales area
2) Document determination procedure (Sales document type)
3) Customer determination procedure (Customer master data)
12. Account Determination
1) Chart of account
2) Sales organization
3) Account assignment group for payer
4) Account assignment group for materials
5) Account key
13. Pricing procedure determination-
1) Sales Area (Sales Org+ DC + Division)
2) Document pricing procedure
3) Customer pricing procedure
14. Tax determination
1) Business transaction- Domestic or export / import
2) Tax liability of ship to party
3) Tax liability of material
Condition technique is used for
1) Pricing
2) Account determination
3) Material determination
4) Listing
5) Exclusion
6) Free goods determination
7) Tax determination
8) Text determination
9) Output determination
SALES PROCESS
| Create: Invoice, debit, credit, cancel previous bills. Debit posting: Cash acc // Credit posting: Customer acc |
| Create: Outbound delivery, Pick/pack/planning (Optional), PGI (Post goods issue), Transfer order, Internal Warehouse movement of goods |
| Contains : Customer/material Info , Pricing , Delivery dates/ Quantities, Shipping/Billing info |
| Contains : Available stocks, Replenishments, Make-to-order, From 3rd party |
Document types:
Sales Document: Inquiry, Quotation, Contract, Schedule line agreement, Standard order, Consignment
Delivery Document: Outbound/Inbound delivery, Transfer, Shipment
Billing Document: Invoice, Credit, Debit memo, Returns, Pro-Forma, Invoice correction
Sales Order
Ø Structure of Sales Document mainly consists of 3 level
· Header Level – valid for the entire document
· Item Level – Has data about material, Quantity etc. Can have several items.
· Schedule line level – Has Delivery quantity & Delivery dates. It uniquely belongs to Item
Ø The sources of data in a sales document are-
· Master data
· Customizing
· Other SD document/Existing document with data
· Hard coded controls
Ø When you create a sales document, you can also enter the Ship to party instead of sold to Party.
The system then determines the Sold to Party from the ship to party customer master record. If there are several possible sold to parties for ship to party, the system displays a selection screen with possible alternatives.
Ø In sales order with fast change option you can change – Reason for rejection, Delivery block,
Billing block, delivery date, delivery priority and Plant.
Ø With Mass change option in a sales document list you can change- Plant, Materials, currency and
Pricing.
Ø A Billing Block can assigned at sales document header level and item level.
Ø A delivery block can assigned at sales document header and schedule line level.
Ø An item status is deemed completely if it has rejected by giving a reason of rejection.
Outbound delivery
· HEADER Level – Valid for entire document Eg: Customer data, Schedule for shipping
· ITEM Level – Data for material quantity, weight, delivery quantity
No SCHEDULE Line LEVEL for Delivery Document
Outbound delivery can be done online or through background jobs
Picking
· Created for a outbound delivery and a warehouse
· Can be done Online & Background job
Post Goods Issue (PGI)
· Updates the inventory
· Updates the value change in balance sheet
· Generate additional documents for accounting
· Adds up delivery to billing due list
· Updates the status in relevant sales document
Billing Document Structure
· Header level – Relevant for the entire document
· Item level – Relevant for material, quantity , weight, net value
Billing document can be created online or by Background jobs.
Effects of Billing Document
· It automatically generates documents required for accounting
· Status in all related sales, delivery & billing document is updated
· Sales statistics in sales is updated
· Customer credit account
ORDER COMBINATION
Ø Order can be created with/Without reference to inquiry/quotation
Ø Two or more quotations can be combined together to make a single order
Ø One single quotation can be split to multiple orders
Ø Two or more orders can be combined to make a single delivery if
§ Shipping point
§ Delivery due date
§ Ship to party
§ Route
§ Incoterms are same
Ø A single order can be split to multiple deliveries (If partial delivery is allowed)
Ø Multiple delivery can be made into a single billing document if
§ Payer
§ Billing date
§ Destination Country are same
Ø To combine multiple Billing document to one
§ Billing Date
§ Payer
§ Terms of payment are same
Ø Multiple Transfer orders can be combined together if picking list has same Warehouse number
Ø A single delivery can be split into multiple billing documents (Invoice split) can be done if there is difference in
Header: Incoterms, Payment terms
Item: Material Group number
Ø Separate billing document for each delivery is also possible if required
Sales Document
| Ø Outline agreements: § NMS : Quantity contracts § SA : Scheduling agreements § RC : Rental contract § WK1 : General value contract § WK2 : Material value contract Ø Complaints: § RE : Returns § CR : Credit memo request § SDF : Subsequent free of charge delivery § DR : Debit memo request § G2 : Credit memo § L2 : Debit memo § S1 : Invoice correction S2 : Credit memo correction |
Ø Pre-sales:
§ IN : Inquiry
§ QT : Quotation
Ø Sales Phase:
§ OR : Standard Order
§ RO : Rush Order
§ CS : Cash Sales
§ CF : Consignment Fill Up
§ CP :Consignment Pick up
§ CI : Consignment Issue
§ DF : Delivery free of Charge
Controls of Sales Document Type:
§ Reference mandatory from any other Document.
§ Check division-System reaction if division at item level is different from header level.
§ Item Division- If you mark this field, the system propose the division from the material master
record of the item else the division in the sales document header also count for all items.
§ Check credit limit
§ Reads any CMIR or Not.
§ Incompletion Procedure Assignment.
§ Document Pricing Procedure.
§ Message about open Quotation, open Outline agreement, etc.
§ Incomplete message switch- when ticked doesn’t allow you to save an incomplete document.
When unchecked the incompleteness is controlled by status groups of Incompletion Log.
§ Delivery type.
§ Delivery block
§ Shipping conditions
§ Immediate delivery switch
§ Billing plan type
§ Billing Type
§ Billing Block
Ø You can limit the validity of your sales document type at the level of sales organization, distribution channel and division (i.e. for sales area)
Ø We can change the current sales document type during processing
§ Create an inquiry during processing & change it to quotation
§ Can change a saved inquiry into a standard order
Ø We can change the sales doc only if
§ There is no subsequent documents
§ The sales document is not
Ø Validity of a sales doc is at the sales area
| Ø Sales Phase: § TAN : Std item in sales order § TANN : Free of charge item § TAK : Make to order § TAC : Configurable products § BVN : Std item in cash sale § TAD : Service in std order § BVNN : free of charge item in cash sale § KEN : Std item in consignment issue |
Ø Pre-sales:
§ AFN : Std item in inquiry
§ AGTX : Text item in inquiry
§ AGN : Std item in quotation
§ AFTX : Text item in quotation
Ø Outline agreements:
§ KMN : Std item in quality contract
§ WVN : Std item in maintenance contract
§ WKN : Item in value contract
Ø Complaints:
§ REN : Std item in returns
§ G2TX : Text item in credit memo
§ KLN : Free of charge item
Controls/Functions of Sales Document Item category
§ Basic functions- Incompletion, Partner determination and text determination.
§ Business item- If The Business item at item level can be different from that at header level (For
Example- Sales data, shipping data, billing data).
§ Completion Rule(A,B) - The rule for establishing when a quotation or contract is complete or not
A- Given a completed status even if referred once
B- Item given completed status if completely referred only
§ Special Stock indicator- For Ex- Consignment stock.
§ Billing plan type
§ Billing relevance- Order related(Need to refer order) , Delivery related(Need to refer delivery), etc
§ Billing block
§ Schedule line allowed- Indicates whether you can create schedule line for the item.
§ Structure Scope for BOM
§ Pricing- Indicates whether the system automatically carries out pricing at the item level.
§ Automatic batch determination
Ø There will be a primary item category, it can be changed manually if there are records for it
Ø To give free items, we must give the item for which it is given as free in Higher level item category
Ø Bill Of Materials:
§ All items in a BOM should be flagged relevant for sales. If we create BOM with usage 5 (SD) then it will automatically be flagged as relevant to sales.
§ Structure scope is a field in customization in item category that contains BOM
if Blank = No explosion of BOM
A= Single level explosion
B= Multi-level BOM allowed
Ø TAQ & TAP single level bill can exploded
| Item category group | ERLA | LUMF |
| Item category of main item | TAQ | TAP |
| Item category of sub-item | TAE | TAN |
| | Price set at main level | Price set at item level |
Schedule line categories
Naming convention for the schedule line categories are as follows
| 2nd letter T : No inventory management X : No inventory management with goods issue N : No MRP P : MRP V : Consumption based planning |
1st letter
A: Inquiry
B: Quotation
C: Order
D: Return's
Ø
| Ø Outline agreements: § CV : Order schedule line with MRP Ø Complaints: § DN: Schedule line in returns w/o MRP § DO :Consignment returns |
§ AT : Inquiry schedule line
§ BN : Quantity schedule line without MRP
Ø Sales Phase:
§ CP : Order Schedule line with MRP
§ CO : Consignment issue w/o availability
check
Controls-
§ Goods movement: Inward/outward movement of stocks. Movement type is responsible for the changes in quantities & values posted to inventory. (Movement type 601-699 are relevant for SD)
§ Incompleteness
§ Requirement transfer: Send from vendor-plant, plant-vendor when stocks are reducing
§ Availability check is done for delivery scheduling
§ Purchasing
§ Delivery relevance
§ Relevant for delivery: If the material relevant for delivery. Switch activated if physical delivery of goods is required
§ Delivery Block
Ø Schedule lines contain delivery dates and quantities as well as info about the requirement transfer & Inventory management
Ø A purchase requisition is required for a purchase order which can be automatically generated from the sales document. To do this we have to configure
Purchase order type, item & account assignment category in the purchase order
Ø Delivery block can be set, here it will block the schedule line level in the sales doc
Ø For stock transfer, 1 is used as movement type
Ø In Quotation: Schedule lines are not relevant for delivery
Requirement transfer is inactive
Goods transfer is not necessary
Ø In order: Relevant for delivery is activated
Goods movement is required (601 used)
Requirement transfer is active
Ø In Returns: Relevant for delivery is required
Transfer of required
Movement type (651) used
Billing document
Billing Document structure
| Ø Final step in sales & Distribution Ø Has the following effect § Billing order & Deliveries § Updating Document flow § Creating document in financial accounting § Updating billing status § Updating sales information system § Updating credit account |
General data valid for entire bill
Customer number of the payer
Billing date
Net value of entire billing doc
Item Level
Relevant for Individual item
Material number
Billing quantity
Net value of individual items
Billing Types
| § G2/L2- Debit/Credit memo § RE- returns § IV- Intercompany billing § SI- Cancellation § LR- Invoice list |
§ F1- Order Related Invoice
§ F2- Delivery Related Invoice
§ F5-Order Related Pro-forma Invoice
§ F8-Delivery Related Pro-forma Invoice
§ CS- Cash Sale
Billing type functions
· Partners
· Texts
· Output
· Rebates
· Posting block
· Number assignments
· Cancellation billing type
· Invoice list type
· Account determination
· Special features of FI integration
· Billing reference
Billing type proposal
Ø If you want to ensure that the goods have already been shipped before an invoice is created, Create an invoice with respect to delivery (Delivery related billing).
Ø Normally Order Related Billing is done for services.
Ø Each company code in the s/m uses general ledger account from exactly one chart of accounts
Ø GL ( General ledger) within a chart of accounts are unique
Ø Business area represents an organizational unit for which you can carry out internal reporting.
Ø Any number of business area may be present in a company code
Ø A business area may be shared by several company codes.
Data Flow
· Create with reference (6 Tabs) - Inquiry/Quotation/Order/Contract/Scheduling agreement/Billing Document
· The Default tabs that appear are: Sales Document category
Mandatory reference field
· We can completely/Partially copy reference document. If we choose to copy partially we have to select item selection
· We can give a different requested delivery date for the new document. This date is set at the header level
· To create with reference, we must initially configure corresponding copying control
Completion rule & Reference Status for Doc flow
· When creating with reference we have to update doc flow, for that we have to check the
ü Document flow Update in item level copying control
·
ü Rule A: Gives ‘Completed’ even if one of the qty is referenced
ü Rule B: Gives ‘Complete’ only if al the items are referenced, else gives ‘Partially referenced’.
· We can give fully referenced or ‘completed’ status if reason of rejection is given
| IN |
| QT |
| OR |
| LF |
| F2 |
Possible flows:
Inquiry->Quotation->Order->Delivery->Billing
Order->Returns->Returns Delivery->Returns Credit memo
Delivery Scheduling
Backward Scheduling
Forward Scheduling
Important dates in Scheduling
Ø Order date: Date on which material was ordered
Ø Material Availability Date : Date on which goods are available for pick/pack
Ø Loading date: Date on which material are ready to load (After pick/pack is over)
Ø Goods Issue Date: Date on which the goods must leave delivering plant
Ø Delivery date: Date on which goods arrives to the customer
Ø Required Delivery Date: Date on which customer wishes to receive the goods
Important times in Scheduling
Ø Pick/Pack Time: Time
Ø Loading Time
Ø Transportation Lead Time
Ø Transit Time
1. Backward Scheduling
Calculates backward from:
Delivery Date-> Goods Issue->Loading Date->Transportation Planning Date->Material Availability
Backward Scheduling is done at first. If the material availability date falls on or after the order date, backward scheduling is done. If the required delivery date is not confirmed through Backward Scheduling then we go for
Forward Scheduling
2. Forward Scheduling
Done if Backward Scheduling fails.
Material Availability ->Transportation Planning Date ->Loading Date-> Goods Issue->Delivery Date
New material availability date is determined
Only the longest from transportation lead time and pick & pack time is taken into calculation
2 Schedule lines are generated
1. The required delivery date
2. Confirmed delivery date
Picking
· Carried out by creating transfer order
· Picking confirmation can be automatic or separate processes
· Collective process on picking :
After completely picking we can do PGI (Post Goods Issue)
PGI is done if Order Quantity = Picked Quantity
16 Steps of pricing
RVAA01- Standard pricing procedure
The 16 columns present is known as 16 steps of pricing procedure
1. Step Number : Serial Number
2. Counter : used if extra info is to be shown
3. Condition type: 4 Letter code (PR00, K007…)
4. Description: Description of the condition type
5.
6. To: to (step#) . Reference level.
7.
8. Mandatory : If checked, Value should be given for sure, else error
9.
10. Print: Whether value should be printed or not
11. Subtotal: Whether the value in here is to be used further or not.
12. Requirements: Where is this used, in which document
13. Calculation Type: ABAP program for calculation of condition type.
14. Basic type: Tells what is used for determining i.e. Use gross wt or net wt.
15. Account type: Assigns to which account is to be used
ERL-> Sales revenue ERS->Sales discount
ERF-> Freight revenue MWS->Taxes
16. Accrual Account Key: Used only for rebates account. Used for adding up values
Availability Check
Ø It is done in Sales Order if
· Material requires an inventory check
· Availability check in customizing (In material master)
Ø Material availability date is determined from delivery Scheduling
Control of availability check
§ Inward movement->Stock, Purchase order, Purchase requirement, Planned order
§ Outward Movement ->Sales requirement, Reservation
§ Inward Movement - Outward Movement = Availability
Transfer of Requirement
· If Stocks become less in SD we send Transfer of requirement to MM
· The Material order can come from In-house production & External procurement
Document flow
· It is an online list function, lists history related document
· It tracks the progress of sales order
· Can display status of entire document and each line
Complete & Partial Delivery
Ø Complete Delivery: Full quantity delivered at one go
Ø Partial delivery: Split to multiple deliveries. Can be split item wise/Quantity wise
Ø Complete Delivery switch found
§ Customer Master (Sales Area Data: Shipping Tab)
§ Sales Doc Header (Sales Tab)
Ø If complete delivery is activated, only complete deliveries are accepted.
Ø There are certain agreements by which we can do partial delivery…Blank, A, B, C, D
Backorder processing
Ø It is done (Backdated)
§ If quantity is not totally confirmed
§ Required delivery date for an order item cannot be kept.
Ø Types of Backorder processing
§ Manually: List of sales order are processed manually with reference to confirmation
§ Via Rescheduling : Use delivery priority found in the customer master record for sales order as a sorting criteria for automatic rescheduling
Special Business transactions
1. Rush Order (RO)
Ø Delivery is immediate
Ø Invoice can be sent at a later date
Ø Delivery related
Ø Relevant for availability check & credit management
Ø Output type = RD00
Ø Customers account is debited
Ø In rush order delivery will be done immediately and settlement (bill) can be done at a later time
Ø In here after the goods are given the picking & PGI are done, when we create billing document the system creates invoice & sends to the customer
Ø E.g.: the sales done in plant or when customer comes & picks up goods directly from WH, Get billing later.
2. Cash Sales (CS)
Ø Delivery is immediate (Immediate Delivery switch is activated)
Ø Invoice is also provided immediately
Ø Order related billing
Ø Not relevant for availability check & Credit management
Ø Output type = RD03
Ø The amount is put to petty cash amount
Ø Delivery and settlement is immediate
Ø Once goods is withdrawn from warehouse, picking and packing can begin
Ø Order related billing index is done automatically
Ø Updates billing due list
Ø Billing type BV is used
Ø In here the system automatically generates a cash receipt that can be given to customer as n invoice & goods are pocked up by the customer immediately from the Warehouse
Ø E.g.: Normal sales in malls. Customer picks up goods directly from the WH & pays for them after we get the bill
| | Rush Order | Cash Sale |
| Order Type | RO | CS |
| Shipping Conditions | Immediate (10) | Immediate (10) |
| Immediate delivery | ü | ü |
| Lead Time In days | Blank | Blank |
| Delivery Type | LF | BV |
| Billing Type | F2 | BV |
| Item Category | TAN | BVN |
| Schedule Line Category | CP | CP |
| | Delivery Related | Order Related Billing |
3. Consignments
| CONSIGNMENT FILL UP (CF) Order Outbound Delivery Picking Goods Issue |
| CONSIGNMENT ISSUE (CI) Order Outbound Delivery Goods Issue Billing Document |
| CONSIGNMENT PICK UP (CF) Order Inbound Delivery Goods Receipt |
| CONSIGNMENT RETURN (CONR) Order Inbound Delivery Goods receipt Billing Doc |
| Plant of Company |
| Customer stock |
| Customer Consumed |
Consignment Fill Up: here the materials are sent from plant – Customer consignment. Here we are just keeping the goods in the customer premises. We do not bill him i.e. Not relevant for billing & pricing as we are not charging money from him.
Ø Sales Doc type: CF/KB
Ø Item Category: KBN
Ø Schedule line category: E1
Ø Item category:
Consignment Issue: Issue material from customer consignment to customer i.e. he consumes the material. Then Billing is done when he partially or fully uses the goods. Here we bill him
Ø Sales Doc type: CI/KE
Ø Item Category: KEN
Ø Schedule line category: C0/C1
Ø Item category : Relevant for Billing & Pricing
Ø Schedule line Agreement: Movement type = 633, Relevant for Availability check
Consignment Return: Here customer return the goods if it is damaged. We assign the delivery document & Billing Document to sales Order. We create return order, return delivery, Return Billing.
Ø Sales Doc type: CONR/KR
Ø Item Category: KRN
Ø Schedule line category: D0
Ø Item category : Relevant for Billing, Pricing, Returns & Special Stocks
Ø Schedule line Agreement: Movement type = 634, No Availability check
Consignment Pick Up: here we pick up consignment stock & Put it back to plant stock. Even if we return damaged goods it does not directly reach plant stock, for that we do pick up. He re no billing is done.
Ø Sales Doc type: CF/KB
Ø Item Category: KBN
Ø Schedule line category: E1
Ø Item category : Not Relevant for Returns
Ø Schedule line Agreement: Movement type = 632, MRP , Delivery relevancy
4. Delivery Free Of Charge (FD)
§ Created for sending free samples (No price or delivery charge)
§ No need for any reference
§ In item category relevant for pricing & Billing
§ Item category- KLN[Standard item]
5. Subsequent delivery (SFD)
§ Done for replacing damaged goods
§ Relevant copying control are done, I.e. a mandatory reference of returns order is required,
§ Copy control for SDF is RE
§ We can activate billing block we can make sure that it is not released to delivery until checked. If required can stop the delivery by giving reason of rejection
§ Item Category- KLX[Service item]
Complaints Processing
Ø Complaints
§
§ Credit Request (CR) Sales Document
§ Debit Request (DR)
§
§ Credit Memo Billing Document
§ Debit Memo
Ø Credit memo : The company have to pay back to the customer due to overcharging of item
Ø Debit memo: The Customer have to pay extra/balance amount back to the company
Ø Returns: Done when a material is damaged
Ø Returns, Credit/Debit memo request can be made
§ With reference to sales order
§ With reference to billing doc
§ Without reference
Ø Invoice correction request can be made ONLY with reference to an invoice
Ø Invoice is used as a reference for Credit/Debit memo
Ø All debit/credit will be reversed after invoice cancellation is done
Processing Credit/Debit memo
Ø We have to enter an order reason
Ø A billing block is automatically assigned
Ø Posting of billing docs (The required accounting documents are created)
Ø After all items have been checked the document can be released for billing which removes the billing block
Processing returns
Ø It must have a reason of rejection
Ø Enter a order reason
Ø Automatic billing block
Ø When goods are returned do PGR
Ø After billing block is removed the credit memo is sent & Required accounting documents are entered by billing transaction
Invoice Correction Procedure
Ø Two pairs of memo is shown: Credit memo (Cannot be changed)
Debit memo (Can be changed)
Ø Reason of rejection in required
Ø We can alter the debit memo alone (credit memo would be grayed out)
Ø The remaining balance would be reflected in the net value
Ø Credit & Debit memo are always deleted in pairs
Sales information system
Ø With Sales Information System (SIS), you can compress data from sales document to obtain
information.
Ø Sales information System (SIS) is apart of Logistics information systems (LIS).
Ø List fall in two categories- Online List and Work list.
§ Online List-
· Provide Data for document,
· Display document for example-For a customer or a material, with a specific status.
· Allow you to check and change the documents.
§ Work List-
· Display activities that need to be processed.
· Allow you to organize tasks into efficient work units.
· Work list allows you to select certain task in SD and to process them afterwards.
·
Ø You select the task according to area of responsibility on various selection criteria (such
as date, organizational element or customer).
Ø The information system based on information structures. These are special statistic table, which
contain transactional data from different application.
Ø This data is constantly updated by system. Information structure contained three basic type of information:-
Characteristics,
Period Unit
Key Figures.
Ø Standard information structures for SD available in the R/3 systems are from S001 to S006, You Can create your Own Information structure in Customizing using the name range S501 to S999.
Standard Analysis:-
§ A variety of tools are available that allow you to analyze. These include, for example, Cumulative Curves, ABC analysis, time series, top-n evaluation, and comparison option.
§ The analysis is based on the information structure. First, you select the required data scope depending on the characteristics and period of information structure. This data is first displayed in basic list, which can be drilled down to display different characteristics.
Flexible Analysis:-
§ Flexible analysis in LIS allow you to determine which data in which format is combined to create an individual report.
§ With Flexible Analysis you can combine characteristics and key figures from different information structure in one list.
Document Flow
Ø A sales process is made up of the sequence of individual process steps, recorded as documents; this
process chain is stored in the document flow.
Ø You can view all the documents within the document flow in a list, you can branch to individual
documents by double clicking and to display of a document and then return to document flow.
Ø In status overview in document flow, you can quickly find detailed information about current status
of SD process.
Ø Document flow updated, when indicator “update doc. Flow” is set in Copying Control.
OUTLINE AGREEMENTS
Customer & vendors agree on the goods to be provided under certain conditions & within specific timeframe
Ø
DEL: Schedule line agreements for external agents
Ø
Material value contract(WK2)
Scheduling agreements:
Ø The Scheduling agreements contain fixed delivery dates & quantities
Ø Dates are contained in the schedule lines of scheduling agreement
Ø Once agreement date is due, Outbound delivery can be done by
Normal outbound delivery
Using delivery due list
Ø When you enter schedule lines for an item in the schedule agreement, the system adds up the quantities that have been already entered & compares the bulk target quantity & the quantity shipped. This gives the overview of the open quantities.
Ø If the quantity in the schedule lines exceeds the target quantity, the system issues a warning message
Ø Rental & Maintenance contract are generally done for a longer period of time
Contracts
Its an outline agreement between you & your customer, valid for a certain time period
No schedule lines, delivered quantity or dates
Has a validity period
Quantity contracts
Ø Contracts are fulfilled with individual releases
Ø Schedule lines are created on release order
Ø Release order are always created with respect to a contract
Ø We have to assign contracts to the item level, then only the release value will be updated
Ø Methods to release order
· Automatic search
· Create order with reference
· Assign in a new order
Messages about open outline agreements
It is done so that when a release order is created it searches for open outline agreements
§ Blank- No Check
§ A/B – Check at header/Item level
Compares customer & material number. If an open agreement is present it displays a dialog box. We can choose one from it.
§ C/D- Check at header/item & copy if unique
If only one agreement, it is created automatically. It shows in the status bar information of release & no dialog boxes appears
§ E/F- Check at header/item & branch immediately to selection list
No dialog box, it immediately goes to the selection list. If only one open contract the system reacts as in C/D
Value contracts
Ø It is outline agreement between you & your customer. It tells that the customer agrees to purchase a fixed dollar value (target amount) of goods & services during defined period
Ø It can contain agreement that are checked in release order
· Special price agreements
· Customer restrictions
· Material restrictions
BILLING TYPES
BILLING TYPE CONTROLS
DELIVERY ITEM CATEGORY CONTROL
SD TABLES
MARA = Material master
MAKT = Material text
MARD= Storage location / stock
MVKE= Material master, sales data
MARC= Material per plant / stock
MTQSS =Material master view
KNA1= Customer master
KNB1= Customer / company
KNVV= Customer sales data
KNBK= Bank details
KNVP= Customer partners
| Vendor XEIP Number range maintenance: EXPIMP XK01 Create vendor (centrally) XK02 Change vendor (centrally) XK03 Display vendor (centrally) XK04 Vendor Changes (Centrally) XK05 Block Vendor (Centrally) XK06 Mark vendor for deletion (centrally) XK07 Change vendor account group |
Customer
XD01 Create Customer (Centrally)
XD02 Change Customer (Centrally)
XD03 Display Customer (Centrally)
VD01
VD02
VD03
XD04 Customer Changes (Centrally)
XD05 Block customer (centrally)
XD06 Mark customer for deletion (centrally.)
XD07 Change Customer Account Group
XD99 Customer master mass maintenance
XDN1 Maintain Number Ranges (Customer)
| Quotation VA21 Create Quotation VA22 Change Quotation VA23 Display Quotation VA25 Quotations List VA26 Collective Processing for Quotations |
Inquiry
VA11 Create Inquiry
VA12 Change Inquiry
VA13 Display Inquiry
VA14L Sales Documents Blocked for Delivery
VA15 Inquiries List
| Delivery (Outbound) VL00 Shipping VL01 Create Delivery VL01N Create Outbound Dlv. with Order Ref. VL01NO Create Outbound Dlv. w/o Order Ref. VL02 Change Outbound Delivery VL02N Change Outbound Delivery VL03 Display Outbound Delivery VL03N Display Outbound Delivery VL04 Process Delivery Due List VL06 Delivery Monitor |
VA00 Initial Sales Menu
VA01 Create Sales Order
VA02 Change Sales Order
VA03 Display Sales Order
VA05 List of Sales Orders
VA07 Compare Sales - Purchasing (Order)
VA08 Compare Sales - Purchasing (Org.Dt.)
Contract
VA41 Create Contract
| Item Proposal VA51 Create Item Proposal VA52 Change Item Proposal VA53 Display Item Proposal VA55 List of Item Proposals VA88 Actual Settlement: Sales Orders |
VA42W Workflow for master contract
VA43 Display Contract
VA44 Actual Overhead: Sales Order
VA45 List of Contracts
VA46 Coll.Subseq.Processing f.Contracts
Customer management
FD01 Create Customer (Accounting)
| Pricing V/03 Create Condition Table (SD Price) V/04 Change Condition Table (Sales pr.) V/05 Display Condition Table: (Sales Pr.) V/06 Condition Categories: SD Pricing V/07 Maintain Access (Sales Price) V/08 Conditions: Procedure for A V V/09 Condition Types: Account Determin. V/10 Account Determination: Access Seqnc V/11 Conditions: Account Determin.Proced. V/12 Account Determination: Create Table V/13 Account Determination: Change Table V/14 Account Determination: Display Table |
FD02CORE Maintain customer
FD03 Display Customer (Accounting)
FD04 Customer Changes (Accounting)
FD05 Block Customer (Accounting)
FD06 Mark Customer for Deletion (Acctng)
FD08 Confirm Customer Individually(Actng)
FD09 Confirm Customer List (Accounting)
FD10 Customer Account Balance
FD10N Customer Balance Display
FD10NA Customer Bal. Display with Worklist
FD10NET Customer Balance Display
FD11 Customer Account Analysis
FD15 Transfer customer changes: send
FD16 Transfer customer changes: receive
FD24 Credit Limit Changes
FD32 Change Customer Credit Management
FD33 Display Customer Credit Management
